"John"

Megan Jones 

March 31st, 2024 

"John" 

"The History of John"

Author- John 

Date- Mid or late AD 80's or 90's. 

"John's Gospel was written by John son of Zebedee. The writing of John's gospel is mid to late 80's or 90's the following evidence proves why Frist, "John's language seems closer to the less restrained language of Ignatius. AD 35-110. 2nd-"If the construction of of John's occasion for writing the destruction of the temple is correct, the Gospel was most likely written 10 to 20 years after year 70, Since certain amount of time had to pass between the temple destruction and its completion." 3rd- "John's gospel lacks refer. to the Sadducees. Since they played an important role in the Synoptics (written prior to John) and since they were less influential after the destruction of the temple." "Their omission makes sense if he wrote it subsequent to the temple's demise." 5th- "The confession of Thomas as My Lord, My God intended to evoke dominion AD 81-96." (p. 355-356 Quarles, Charles)

 

"John's Structure" 

John falls into 2 halves 

1- Chapters 1-11, 

"Jesus Mighty Deeds"

Chapters 12-21 

"Events leading up to his death and resurrection."

"For example, "In Chapter 1, We learn of the disciples' first v.35-51. The 1st half of the gospel, CHapters 2-11, are dominated by 7 miracles and 7 major discourses." 

"Chapters 2-4  "Begin and end with miracles at Cana."  and 5-10 "Describe what Jesus did at festival times." and  each is to be taken as a unit." Chapters 12-21 also contain 2 major portions." Chapters 13-17 "Narrate what took place on the night of Jesus Farewell Discourse to his followers." "Chapters 18-20 Then recount, The trails, crucifixion, and resurrection." Chapter 21 "Is the conclusion." 

(p. 265 Blomberg, PH.d). 

"Historical Reliability of John" 

"First, "There are significant differences between the portrayal of Jesus life and ministry in the Synoptic Gospels and The 4th." "Many of the significant events recorded in the 4th Gospel, The dialogue of Nico. the conversation with The Samaritan Woman and The Raising of Lazarus and Jesus Farewell speeches to his followers in Chapters 13-17, have no counterparts in The Synoptics." "The Synoptics recorded only 1 journey by Jesus in the period of his ministry whereas the 4th Gospel recorded 5 such journeys." 

2nd- "The lang. The 4th Gospel is strikingly similar to that of 1 John. Even the way Jesus speaks is similar to Greek." 

3rd- The accuracy of the evangelist's ref. to the customs, culture and Geo. of the first-century Palestine has been recognised. For example, he accurately portrays Samaritan beliefs and outlook in Chapter 4." 

(p. 32-34 Kruse, Colin) 

"Crucifixion of Jesus"

John Chapter 19 Verse 16

Then they took him away. 17- Carrying the cross by himself, he went out to the place of the skull. 18- There they crucified him and two others with him one on either side Jesus in the middle. 19- Pilate also had a sign made and out it across it  It said "Jesus of Nazareth King of The Jews." It was written in Aramaic, Latin and Greek. 22- Pilate replied  what I have written I have written." 23- When the soldiers crucified him they took his clothes and divided them into four parts and 24- cast lots for them to see who gets it. 

"The finished work of Jesus"

John Chapter 19 verse 28 

After which  Jesus knew everything was now finished that the scripture might be fulfilled, he said, I am thirsty." 29- a jar filled with sour wine was sitting there; so they fixed a sponge full of sour wine on a hysp branch and held it up to his mouth. 30- So when Jesus received the sour wine he said, "It is finished ." Then bowing his head he gave up his spirit. 

"Jesus side Pierced" 

John Chapter 19 verse 31 

Since it was the preparation day, the Jews did not want the bodies to remain on the cross on the Sabbath. They requested that Pilate have the men's legs broken and that their bodies be taken away. 32- So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man and of the other who had been crucified with him 33- When they came to Jesus they did not break his legs since they saw he was already dead. 

34- one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear and blood and water came out. 35- He who saw this testified so that you may believe. His testimony is true,and he knows he is telling the truth. 36- For these things happened so that scripture would be fulfilled. 

"The burial of Jesus"

John Chapter 19 verse 38

After this Joseph of Arimathea who was a disciple of Jesus asked Pilate that he might remove Jesus body. Pilate gave him permission, so he came and took his body. 39- Nico also came brining a mixture of about 75 pounds of myrrh and aloes 40 They took Jesus body and wrapped it in fine linen cloths with fragment spices, according to the burial customs of the Jews. 41- There was a garden in the place where he was crucified. A new tomb was in the garden. 42- They placed Jesus there because of the Jewish day of preparation and since the tomb was nearby. 

"The Empty Tomb"

John Chapter 20 verse 1 

On the first day of the week Mary Magdalene came to the tomb early, while it was still dark out She saw that the stone had been rolled way SO she went running to Simon Peter and to the other disciple who Jesus loved and said to them "They've taken the Lord away and we don't know where they put him." 3- At that Peter and the other disciple went heading for the tomb 4- The 2 were running but the other disciple outran Peter and got to the tomb first. 5- Stooping down, he saw the linen cloths lying there. 6- Then following him, Simon Peter also came He entered the tomb. 7- The wrapping that had been on his head was not lying there with the linen cloths. but were folded up separate by itself. 

"Mary Magdalene sees The risen Lord"

John Chapter 20 verse 15 

 Woman why are you crying?

16- Mary, Rabbi.

17- "Don't cling to me, go tell my brothers. 

18- Mary went and announced to the disciples "I have seen The Lord." 

"The Crucifixion 

John Chapter 19 verse 16

Commentary"

Carrying his own cross to the valley of the skull, in order to show Jesus facing his destiny in full control of everything." 18- Two others crucified with him. In fulfillment of Isaiah 53:12."

19- The notice on the cross 

Jesus King of the Jews

"It was quite common to the crime on a placecard" and place it around the guilty person's neck." 20- Aramaic, Greek, Latin, The 3 main langs. of Palestine".  22- What I have written I have written. "Pilate did this to humiliate Jesus."  23- Soldiers took Jesus clothes and divided them up into 4 parts. "The Romans specified that the possession of a criminal belonged to the soldiers." Normally, criminals were executed naked, but Jewish sensitivity led to them being clothed." The pieces of clothing that were divided were 1-his headpiece 2-belt 3- sandals and 4 outer robe and his outer garment." 24- Cast lots fulfils Pslam 22:18."

"The finished work of Jesus"

John CHapter 19 verse 28 

Commentary" 

When everything now had been finished

"The time had now arrived for his final sacrifice, the surrender of his life for the salvation of a sinful humanity."

29- "I am thirsty" a cheap wind rank by the soldiers."

30-It is finished "It is filled The purpose of all scripture."

p. 443 Osborne, Grant)

"Jesus side pierced 

John Chapter 19 verse 31 

Commentary"

The day of preparation 

Special Sabbath of Passover week."

32- The soldiers came and broke the legs of the other one who had been crucified 

"They would break the legs with a mullet, speeding up the death 2 days 1- the physical shock the system severely weakened by beating and 6 hours on the cross would often stop the heart, and the inability to push themselves up on the little seat, would smother them." The solders first break the legs of the two criminals on either side of Jesus. This took place shortly after 3 in the afternoon." allowing for some time to remove and bury the bodies before sundown."

33- When they came to jesus 

34- The piercing was a stab to the skin deep into his body." 

35- "John wanted readers to know the apostle reliability of his account of Jesus' crucifixion." 

36- Scripture be fulfilled and The prophecy of Psalm 34:20." 

"The Burial of Jesus burial 

John Chapter 19 verse 38

Commentary" 

Joseph of Arimathea was a well-to-do Jew and a member of the Sanhedrin." 

Pilate Granting permission to his request would have been very usual." 39- Nico. had brought  65 pounds of a perfumed ointment made from myrrh and aloes, to anoint the body." Myrrh was a fragrant resin used to emable by the egyptians." The Jews used a powder form mixed with aloes from aromatic sandalwood." 

40- The purpose of anointing was to counteract the terrible smell from the body." They would pack the species with cloth and cover the body in accordance with Jewish burial customs." 41- There was a new tomb dug to keep with Jewish practice." 42- Jewish Day of Preparation. 

(p. 374 Kruse, Colin)

"Mary sees the risen Lord

John Chapter 20 verse 12 

Commentary"

Mary stood outside the tomb crying, 15-Who are you looking for? Probably to wake her up" to her folshiness for believing he was the gardener." 16- Mary "Jesus encounters her to reveal himself as the good shepherd." 18- Go tell my brothers." Mary accepts her commission." p. 462-463 Osborne, Grant)

MLA Works Cited 

1. Study Bible 

Christian Standard Version 

"The Crucifixion"

John Chapter 19 verses 16-24

"The finished work Of Jesus"

John Chapter 19 verses 28030.

"Jesus side Pierced"

John Chapter 19 verses 31-37

Holman Bible  Publishers 

Nashville, Tn 2018.

1. Jesus and The Gospels 

The structure of John 

pages-263-265

Blomberg, Craig, Phd,

B & H Acemic 

Nashville, Tn 2022.

2. "The Crucifixion of Jesus 

John Chapter 19 verses 16-36 

Commenarty 

Enduring Word 

Date Accessed- February 9th, 2024 

Guzik, David 

3. Kruse, Colin 

 The Historical Reliability of John

pages- 32-34.

4. Osborne, Grant 

"John verse by Verse"

Lexham Press. 

"The Cradle, The Cross, and The Crown 

Introduction to New Testament 

Chapter 7 

The Gospel According to John

The History of John"

pages 351-356.

5. Quarles, Charles.